In 2025, press freedom is under threat worldwide as governments tighten controls over media, journalists face escalating risks, and censorship grows. The latest report by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) reveals that the fundamental right to free journalism continues to erode across many countries. From legal intimidation to digital surveillance, these threats severely undermine the public’s access to truthful information.
Global Media freedom Under Threat: Key Findings from RSF 2025
The 2025 World Press Freedom Index confirms a sharp decline in Media freedom under threat globally. RSF evaluated 180 countries, highlighting worsening conditions in political and economic pressures on independent media. More than 70% of nations fall into “problematic” or “very serious” categories, reflecting an alarming trend.
RSF Secretary-General Christophe Deloire stressed that “the threat to press freedom is no longer isolated — it is systematic and coordinated, using modern technologies and legal systems.”
Countries Where Press Freedom Faces Greatest Threat
The report highlights countries where Media freedom remains under threat the most. Nordic countries like Norway and Sweden rank highest for protecting journalists, but many democracies face growing risks.
In the Philippines, journalists critical of government policies face defamation suits and cybercrime accusations. In Turkey, dozens of reporters remain imprisoned under vague anti-terror laws. Egypt frequently harasses or expels foreign correspondents, creating a hostile environment for media.
Digital Surveillance and Disinformation Fuel the Threat to Press Freedom
A significant new challenge is the rise of digital authoritarianism. Governments deploy AI surveillance and spyware to track journalists and suppress dissent, making Media freedom under threat in the digital realm. Countries such as China and Saudi Arabia impose strict online censorship, while spyware like Pegasus targets reporters globally.
Legal Repression and Violence: The Ongoing Assault on Journalists
The weaponization of law — including SLAPP suits and arbitrary arrests — continues to threaten press freedom. Numerous journalists face imprisonment or harassment worldwide. The RSF records over 500 journalists jailed and dozens killed in 2024 alone. Female journalists face increasing online harassment, adding to the growing dangers.
Press Freedom Under Threat Even in Established Democracies
Democratic countries like the U.S., UK, and France have seen declines in press freedom. Rising political polarization, disinformation, and hostile rhetoric place journalists under new pressures, undermining media independence.
Defending Press Freedom Under Threat: Steps Forward
The RSF report calls for urgent action to defend press freedom, recommending stronger legal safeguards, support for independent media, regulation of digital platforms, and international cooperation.
Conclusion: Protecting Media freedom Under Threat Is Essential for Democracy
The 2025 report from Reporters Without Borders makes clear that Media freedom remains under threat globally, from authoritarian regimes and democratic backsliding alike. The fight to protect journalism is a fight to preserve democracy and the public’s right to information.
